Electric-battery cell.



J. H. GUGLER.

ELBCTRIG BATTERY CELL.

APPLICATION FILED JUNBQL, 1909.

Patented Bec. 20, 191.0,

Y Fh:

MH. a, H t o MH mu usefulness of the batter y. working-liquid in the outer chamber below proved forni of v.my invention this is accomernten intrus E. soenna, or anriwannun, wisconsin.

ELECTRIC-BATTERY CELL.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l', JULIUS H. Guarani, of Milwaukee, lllisconsin, have inventedy an Electric-Battery Cell, of which the following is av specilication.

This invention relates to electric batterycells and more particularly to primary-cells ot' the two-duid type, in which the inactive elenient is surrounded by a. depolarizing liquid which is iiiclosed in a porous cup and the outside element and working liquid are disposed within the battery-jar outside of said cup. Cells of this type as actually constructed have the disadvantage that when not in use the two liquids diffuse through the cells of the porous cup and thus mingle so as to rapidly destroy the positive element, viti-atc the working-liquid and disturb the proper level, since according to the laws or diii'usion one of the two liquids diffuses faster. than the other.

rlhe object of the pr sent invention is to prevent suoli interiningling of the two liquids when thc battery is not in use, thus minimizing the expense and prolonging the The essential feature or' my construction consists in an arrangement whereby the cathode is given a displacement-volume within the porous cup to displace a large quantity of liquid, and means for raising it siiliiciently out of the liquid to bring the surface of the latter below a predetermined level at and below which the walls of the cup are made nonporous. At the same time means may be provided for correspondingly lowering the level of the working-liquid in the anode-chamber, and in the most irnplished by makingthe porous cup itself the. displacing-elenient and by raising it a suflicient distance to bring the surface ot the said predetermined line of orosity.

The lparticular construction by which I carry out iny invention will best he understood from a consideration of the acconipanying drawings wherein,

Figures l and 2 are longitudinal sections at planes at right angles to cach other of one forni of in v battery-cell, Fig. l showing the elements in depressed or active, and Fig. 2

Snecicatioii of Letters Eatent.

in raised or inactive position; and Figs. 3 and il are similar longitudinal sectionsl patented Deo. 2lb, 19M),

Application filed June 2l, ESO. Serial No. 563,277.

through another form of my invention, Fig. 3 showing the elements in depressed or active, and Fig. Ll in raised orinactive position.

In these drawings the saine part isdesignated by the same reference-letter or numeral in each figure.

ln the lirst form illustrated` A designates the anode, B the jar or container, C the cathode, D the diaphragm or porous cu separating the anode and cathode, E the working-liquid (generally dilute sulturicacid) and F the oxidizing or depolarizing liquid, for example nitric-acid. The lower part of the element C is formed solid or substantially so as shown to give a great displacement, which results without serious corresponding loss of working-surface because of the lower portion ofthe cup D being niade noiiporous, which can be accom'- plished in various ways, as for example hy vitrifcation, impregnation with paraffin or like material, or, a covering oi" insulatingpaint or gutta-percha., and is represented graphically hy the heavy line d inthe dra-wing. The upper end of the cathode C is preferably formed with a marginal-rim c4 which ovei'lies the edge ot' thel cup D; and the upper tubular portion of the cathode may he traversed with a pair of longitudinal slots c2 at opposite sides. to admit a transverse hai' d2, the .ends of which are engaged in holes in the opposite sides of Jdie cup l) as shown. The ell'ectof this arrangement is-that, when the cathode is raised a suflicient distance, as illustrated in Fig. 2, the liquid F sinks to a level below the edge of the nonporous portion (Z, and therefore can-l not di'li'use through the wall of the cell. At

this point the bottoms of the slots c strik-e the har (Z2 'and upon further raising the cathode the cupl) is raised with it untilI the liquid E also of the nonporous portion-didasshown in Fig. 2. The raisingiof .theeleihents may be elected in various ways, but as here shown v.comprises a liftii'ig-rod c3 which is sealed into the upper end'o the' element C iiieans of a plug c4, or in any other suitable manner connected thereto, said rodpassing through a. central aperture ing, the cover- 1% plate G and having a handle ci on the upper end thereof. Upon the upper face ot the cover-plate may be placed a terniinahplate sinks to a level below the edge ioe y provided with a liiuilinepost g/l to which the circuit-nire /f may he connected, and the rino ,:f hasy a .-aeilalile llave i.

adapted Vlo i rent upon the plate g/f when tno apparatus iii p poi'onn, a catluule-eloinent nit'hin Said a distance ssnl'licient lo bring` the level el.E the liquid therein belen' the poioue portion ol.I said cup. l

L lu a halterycell, the combination of a porous cup haring ite lower portion noncup,

" meary .tor rai-:ingr said eathmlo-elen'ient until hole in the plates il and -stcni if ie rairetl ihr-r pin l el pawea through tue notched if". and when sides ol: the central fj', so that u'hentli 'tlurod in rotated said pin rests upon the elements eoneiritentli' with in if invention.;

i he circuit-eonnection with the anode fr may lie nnnle by any nuitable or known method; toif instance, by a nire /l2 Whicli pannes; through, a notch (/l on one Side ot the rover-plat f and in connected to the anode A at the bottoni thereof.

ln ll'igr. l the battery-jar ie deeiginated il", the anode It', the cathode and the diaphragm or porous; cup ll, rendered non-v porous over thi lower portion, as repre- I`dented by the layer d. ln this.; case l have shown a cathodo-element ot' soniewliat. dil:- l'creut. torni, comprising' a subtantially solid cylinder c* concentric within a. tubular cylinder c, and Separated t'lieretroin by an annular :space uw; the Whole being molded toi'ethcr with an upper solid portion c and which is provided with a riin. cl2 overlying the upper edge ot the cup D. rlhe raising and aupporting-rod c is iiulietantially the saine ae the rod c et Fien l, paeising tl'irough the. covei'plat'e tl and tei 'ininal-plate g5, and having a ring o on ,its `upper end. ln this case however the cup D is not raised, but the liquid lll in the outer chamber is diriplaccd by ineans ot' an annular cylindrical liller l which is mounted upon a crono-bar or Spider i" scoured to the .base ot' the rod e an shown. llllien the rod 0" iis ra ised the dieplaceinents in the two chain"- liers are Simultaneously removed and the levels oit the two liquids lil' and ll" are correspfnidiugrly lowered until they Sini; below the edge ot the ininporous portion d" ot the cnp l). l

l'furious changes and modifications in the constructions as herein Shown may be made Without departing from tite spirit of my in rention, and l Vwish it understood therefore that the latter is not otherwise limited vthan by the. reasonable scope ot' my claims.

lfiaving thus described nay invention,what i l claiin as ne and desire to secure by lietters Patent ie:

1. in an electric battery-cell, the combination oiLl a porousl cup baking,` its lower por tion nonpoi'oue`v a. battory-eleinelit; forming n Variable difqilacincl n'ieans within Said cup,

and ineans for raiding` Said battery-element the level ot' the liquid therein is; below the porous portion o l? Said cup, and a depi'ilarizingr liquid within Said cup which iedisplacei', by ,Laid cathode in t'leecending,l so afs to raide itey level within said cup, l

1:3. Vin an electric battery-cell, the eonibination ol al container, a quantity ol liquid therein. a poroua cup the lower portion ot which is reinlercd nonporous. displacing Said lirpiid, a Second liquid within said cup, a battery-elenienti within said cup displacing said liquid. and means' actingto raiSe, Said element partially out ol said cup and therea'liter to raiee Said cup, so as to lower the level o'l liquid in said cup and aldo to lower the level olf the liquid outside said cup.

il. ln an electric battery-cell, the combination olf a container containingl a working4 liquid and an anode, a poi-one cup dieplacing- Asaid liquid and containing a depolarizing' liquid, the lower portion o t Said cup being rendered nonporous, a cathode-eleinent within said cup, and means acting to 'raise said cup a distance su'tlicient to bring the level .of the Working-liquid below the porous portion thereof and also to raise said cathode a Further distance, thereby lower@- ing the surface of said depolarif/:ing liquid a sutlicientJ distance to bringit below the poroun portion oit said cup.

ln an electric battery-eel l, the conibination of a container, a liquid therein, a porous eup within said container and displacing Said liquid, the lower portion et Said cup beingrendered nonporousi, a second liquid within Said cup, n'ieans :for dieiriila'cing; Said second licitud, means tor raiiingl said cnp a sull'icient distance to lo\\ 'c1 tlie surtacedevcl otl said tiret-named liquid. below the edge of said nonporous portion, and means for raieing said diSplacing-ineane a still further distance thereby lowering the level oi the liquid Within Said cup.

6. ln an electric battery-cell, the combination ot a. container, a liquid therein, a porous cup within said container and disj placing said liquid, the lower portion of said cup being` rendered nonporous, a second liquid 'within said cup, a lnitteryeleinent displacing; said Second liquid, ineane` 'tor raising Said cup a su'llicient distance to lower lthe Surface-level ot said iirstnanied liquid below the edge oi2 said nonpofrous portion, and means for raising` Said battery-element'. a still 'Further ditauce thereby loweiinjr the level ot the liquid within Said cup.

7. The combination ot a iai or container, a citing-liquid therein, an anode disposed in said working-liquid, a porous-cup within said container displacing said liquid and having its lower portion rendered nonporous, a depolarizing liquid contained within said cup, a cathode mounted in said cup and displacingsaid depolarizing-liquid, means for raising .id cathode, and a connection between said cathode and saidcup adapted to engage and raise the latter when said cathode has been raised a certain distance. l

S. The combination of a jar or container, a working-liquid therein, an anode disposed in said working-liquid, a porous-cup within said container displacing said liquid and c having its lower portion rendered nonporons, a depolarizving liquid contained within said cup, a cathode mounted in said cup and displacing said depolarming-liquid, a lifting-rod mounted on said cathode, means for supporting said lifting-rod in the elevated position of said cathode, and engaging-elements between said cathode and said porous-cup adapted to allow said cathode to be raised individually through a certain distance and when raised further to carry with it said cup.

9. In an electric battery-cell, the combination of a container containing liquid and a battery-element, a. porous cup displacingsaid liquid and containing a second liquid, the lower portion ot said cup being rendered nonporous, a battery-elenieut within said cup, and means acting to raise said cup a distance Sufficient to bring the level of said iirst liquid below the ,porous portion ot' the cup and also to raise said second ele-'- ment a further distance, thereby lowering the surface of said second liquid a suiiicient distance to. bring it below the porous portion.

In witness whereot` I have hereunto set my hand this 14th day of June 1909.

JULIUS H. GUGLER.

lVitnesses:

A. H. BLATCHLEY, Jas. C. PETERSON. 

